“DUNIA takkan pernah lagi sama setelah berakhirnya pandemi virus corona, bahkan bertahun-tahun ke depan,” kata wartawan Amerika Serikat spesialis kesehatan masyarakat yang memenangi Pulitzer Prize 1966, Laurie Garrett. Seperti dikutip CNN, Garrett menegaskan, mustahil membayangkan seperti apa nantinya masa depan itu.
“Kita akan melihat empat, lima tahun dari sekarang, dan tidak ada satu aspek pun dari kehidupan kita yang tidak berubah,” tulisnya.
Sendi-sendi kehidupan, dalam praktik protokol berkegiatan saat ini, semuanya terdampak. Kita telah beradaptasi secara ekstrem dengan cara hidup baru. Bahkan setelah pandemi berlalu, sampai ditemukan vaksin yang dapat menetralisasi persebaran Covid-19, tatanan perilaku bakal berlanjut dengan cara hidup kita sekarang.
Lalu bagaimana nilai-nilai baru itu memengaruhi kehidupan wartawan dan media?
Mari kita simak hasil survei persepsi diri wartawan saat pandemi yang dilakukan oleh Center for Economic Development Study (CEDS) Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung. Dipaparkan, sebanyak 45,92 persen wartawan mengalami gejala depresi, sedangkan 57,14 persen mengalami kejenuhan umum.
Gejala depresi itu jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tenaga kesehatan (28 persen). Yang tetap keluar rumah untuk meliput berita lebih banyak mengalami gejala depresi dan memiliki peluang 1,65 kali ketimbang yang tinggal di rumah.
Gejalanya antara lain ketakutan, mudah terganggu dengan hal yang biasa, tidur gelisah, sulit memusatkan pikiran, merasa sendirian, dan berat untuk memulai sesuatu.
Adaptasi Praktik dan Bisnis Media
Adaptasi praktik jurnalistik dan bisnis media sudah dirasakan sangat menekan dalam setidak-tidaknya tiga bulan terakhir ini. Masih sulit membayangkan bagaimana bentuk “normal baru” yang harus ditempuh oleh pers nantinya.
Tak dapat dipungkiri, wartawan menjadi bagian dari elemen masyarakat yang terdampak oleh pandemi. Para pengelola media cetak sudah menjerit dengan menyiasati cash flow, alih-alih berinovasi tentang modifikasi persaingan aktualitas isi dengan media digital.
Media online sebagai “makhluk masa sekarang” juga mengalami kegamangan menegakkan performa bisnis. Semua platform media tergopoh-gopoh menyesuaikan diri.
Adaptasi yang harus ditempuh perusahaan media otomatis memukul kehidupan seseharian wartawannya.
Dampak terhadap kualitas produk jurnalistik memang tidak terasakan. Konsistensi media masih terjaga dalam memasok informasi. Mulai dari update pencegahan persebaran virus, kebijakan pemerintah di semua level, pendapat ilmiah pakar, prediksi kesehatan, sosial, dan ekonomi, kontrol terhadap bantuan sosial, juga panduan-panduan untuk aktivitas pribadi, peribadatan, dan pekerjaan dari rumah.
Di tengah peran mulia itu, pers mengarungi masalah yang sama dengan warga masyarakat yang terdampak.
Bahwa Dewan Pers membuat Satgas Bekerlanjutan Media menunjukkan realitas tentang kerentanan “kesehatan” media. Kampanye untuk menyelamatkan sektor-sektor kehidupan wong cilik, UMKM, juga pers menunjukkan kegalauan tentang kondisi akut yang tak cukup hanya dipikirkan oleh masyarakat pers.
Dalam jangka panjang, kita masih sama-sama membayangkan bakal seperti apa “new normal” bagi wartawan dan media. Dominasi penggunaan teknologi informasi merupakan salah satu formulasi cara kerja wartawan, yang sebenarnya sudah terakrabi dalam kondisi sebelum pandemi, dan bakal makin masif di era “normal baru”.
Pada tingkat yang sangat teknis, misal bagaimana wartawan berakses dengan kantornya, protokol konferensi pers, wawancara khusus, indepth dan investigative reporting boleh jadi harus beradaptasi.
Nilai-nilai eksklusivitas sebagai pilar daya saing media membutuhkan kecakapan tersendiri dalam merancang, mengelola, dan menyajikan. Tentu dengan “wajah” baru.
Secara bisnis, recovery dalam jangka panjang bakal membentuk kepentingan link periklanan yang lebih selektif.
Perusahaan-perusahaan produk dan jasa, serta public relations instansi-instansi akan bergerak seirama dengan eksplorasi ide-ide baru yang dianggap efektif selama masa pandemi.
Para narasumber dalam pelayanan publik dan kehidupan masyarakat juga punya peluang berinovasi dan mengkreasi cara penyampaian informasi. Ide, program, dan kebijakan yang harus disampaikan kepada publik membutuhkan jaminan efektivitas dan bermagnet untuk terpublikasi dan tersosialisasi.
Kolaborasi dengan wartawan dan media, dalam format ini tentu menuntut paradigma baru. Adaptasi para kepala daerah — yang telah ber-mind set digital dan karib dengan aneka platform media sosial — ke “normal baru pers” akan menjadi lebih mulus. Mereka bisa menginovasi aneka aktivitas yang menjadi magnet untuk “dikerumuni laron-laron media”.
Adaptasi Jangka Pendek
Bagaimana dengan adaptasi jangka pendek?
Dinamika yang bergerak akan menguji seberapa kuat daya tahan media-media untuk menyesuaikan diri dalam performa bisnis. Bagi media bermodal besar, tentu masih bisa bertahan dengan segala pola adaptasinya.
Lalu, yang bermodal cekak?
Biaya produksi, antara lain gaji awak perusahaan dan maintenance teknologi informasi, bergantung pada pendapatan kerja sama iklan produk, layanan masyarakat, advertorial, ucapan-ucapan selamat dll, juga pemberitaan, baik dengan perseorangan, perusahaan, maupun instansi.
Maka ketika semua elemen masyarakat harus beraaptasi, relasi itu pun harus tunduk pada hukum realitas “penyesuaian diri” pula.
Meminta intervensi “subsidi”otoritas-otoritas pemerintah bisa dinilai sebagai perilaku cengeng dan kehilangan kreativitas bisnis.
Kesannya bergantung pada “belas kasihan” negara/ daerah, dan membuat timpang posisi tawar. Akan tetapi kita juga berhak berpikir sebaliknya, bahwa pemerintah pun mutlak membutuhkan pers dalam kampanye melawan corona.
Pada simbiosis mutualisme inilah kerja sama secara proporsional tetap patut dipertahankan.
Bukankah sejatinya pemerintah bersama media merupakan “satu tim” dalam menginspirasi masyarakat untuk menyukseskan protokol-protokol kesehatan yang mempercepat pemulihan keadaan?
Pemberitaan inspiratif merupakan keniscayaan. Pers bisa meng-agendasetting-kan dan mem-framing sajian yang berdaya tarik, mendidik, memberi arah, memandu, dan menjadi pencerah.
Bukan berarti kolaborasi ini melemahkan sikap kritis dalam fungsi kontrol pers terhadap penyelenggaraan negara dan pemerintahan, melainkan sebagai format kesadaran bersama meraih kemaslahatan. Selalu ada poin dan momen kontrol, dan di balik ini seyogianya pemerintah juga sadar tentang posisi pers sebagai “teman kritis”.
Pertemuan asosiasi perusahaan media dan asosiasi perusahaan media dengan Dewan Pers, Kamis 14 Mei lalu menegaskan desakan kepada negara untuk mendorong insentif ekonomi, yakni mengalokasikan dana sosialisasi kebijakan, program, atau kampanye penanggulangan Covid-19 baik di tingkat pusat ataupun daerah untuk perusahaan pers.
Realitas inilah yang boleh jadi menjadi gambaran “new normal” wartawan dan media dalam jangka pendek pada saat dan pasca-pandemi. Yakni realitas bahwa dengan adaptasi formulasi bisnisnya “pers tetap hidup dan bertahan”.
▪Amir Machmud NS, wartawan SUARABARU.ID dan Ketua PWI Provinsi Jawa Tengah
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